Why soh is replaced with esc x ?
To prevent data being interpreted as control information data stuffing is used.
It may easily happen that the control information (SOT, EOT) pattern occurs in the data. This situation will usually interfere with the framing. One way to solve this problem is to have the sender's data link layer insert a special escape byte (ESC) just before each ''accidental'' control information (SOT, EOT) in the data. The data link layer on the receiving end removes the escape byte before the data are given to the network layer. This technique is called byte stuffing or character stuffing. Thus, framing delimiters can be distinguished from one in the data by the absence or presence of an escape byte before it.
It may easily happen that the control information (SOT, EOT) pattern occurs in the data. This situation will usually interfere with the framing. One way to solve this problem is to have the sender's data link layer insert a special escape byte (ESC) just before each ''accidental'' control information (SOT, EOT) in the data. The data link layer on the receiving end removes the escape byte before the data are given to the network layer. This technique is called byte stuffing or character stuffing. Thus, framing delimiters can be distinguished from one in the data by the absence or presence of an escape byte before it.
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